HTML Links Aur Navigation Tags Kya Hote Hain?

The Anchor Tag (<a>)

HTML me, hyperlinks banane ke liye Anchor Tag (<a>) ka use hota hai. Yeh users ko ek page se doosre page par, ya usi page ke kisi specific section par le jaane me madad karta hai. Link ka destination href (hypertext reference) attribute me specify kiya jaata hai.

<a href="https://www.google.com">Google par jaayein</a>

Types of Links

1. Absolute URL Links

Absolute URL ek complete web address hota hai, jisme protocol (https://), domain name, aur path shamil hota hai. Inka use external websites ko link karne ke liye hota hai.

<a href="https://www.facebook.com">Facebook Visit karein</a>

2. Relative URL Links

Relative URL me full address nahi hota. Yeh current page ke relative path ko point karta hai. Inka use apni hi website ke doosre pages ko link karne ke liye hota hai.

<a href="/about-us">About Page</a>

Special Link Types

Email Links (mailto:)

mailto: prefix ka use karke aap ek aisa link bana sakte hain jo user ka default email client (jaise Gmail) open kar dega.

<a href="mailto:example@email.com">Hume Email karein</a>

Telephone Links (tel:)

tel: prefix ka use karke aap ek clickable phone number bana sakte hain, jo mobile devices par dialing screen open kar dega.

<a href="tel:+919876543210">Call Karein</a>

Link Attributes

Open Link in a New Tab (target="_blank")

target="_blank" attribute browser ko batata hai ki link ko ek naye tab me khole. Yeh external links ke liye bohot useful hai.

<a href="https://www.example.com" target="_blank">Visit Example</a>

Bookmark Links (Anchor Links)

Ek hi page ke kisi specific section par jump karne ke liye, aap us section ke element ko ek id de sakte hain aur link ke href me us id ko hash (#) ke saath use kar sakte hain.

<!-- Link to the section -->
<a href="#section2">Go to Section 2</a>

... (page content) ...

<!-- The section to jump to -->
<h2 id="section2">This is Section 2</h2>

Semantic Navigation (<nav> Tag)

Website ke main navigation links ko hamesha <nav> tag ke andar group karna chahiye. Yeh ek semantic tag hai jo screen readers aur search engines ko batata hai ki yeh ek navigation menu hai.

<nav>
  <ul>
    <li><a href="/">Home</a></li>
    <li><a href="/topics">Topics</a></li>
    <li><a href="/practice">Practice</a></li>
  </ul>
</nav>

Key Takeaways

• <a> tag ka use hyperlinks banane ke liye hota hai, aur href attribute destination URL batata hai.
• Absolute URLs external sites ke liye, aur Relative URLs internal linking ke liye use hote hain.
• mailto: aur tel: special links banane me madad karte hain.
• target="_blank" link ko naye tab me kholta hai.
• <nav> tag ka use main navigation menus ke liye karna chahiye.