JavaScript Ka Environment Setup Kaise Kare (Browser & Node.js)

Apna pehla JavaScript code likhne ke liye apne system ko taiyar karein.

Introduction

JavaScript ek bahut hi versatile programming language hai jo web development (frontend) aur server-side development (backend) dono ke liye use hoti hai. Isko run karne ke do major environments hain:

  • Browser Environment: Frontend development ke liye, jahan JavaScript web pages ko interactive banati hai.
  • Node.js Environment: Backend development ke liye, jahan JavaScript server-side logic handle karti hai.

Aaiye in dono environments ko setup karna step-by-step samajhte hain.

1. JavaScript Browser Environment me Kaise Chalayein?

Agar aap JavaScript ko sirf browser me run karna chahte hain, toh achhi khabar yeh hai ki aapko kuch bhi install karne ki zaroorat nahi hai. Har modern browser (jaise Chrome, Firefox, Edge) me ek built-in JavaScript engine hota hai jo code ko samajhta aur execute karta hai.

(A) Browser Console me Likhna

JavaScript ko test karne ka yeh sabse aasan tarika hai.

  1. Apna Chrome browser open karein.
  2. Page par kahin bhi Right Click karein aur "Inspect" option select karein (Ya F12 key press karein).
  3. DevTools panel me "Console" tab par click karein.
  4. Yahan aap direct JavaScript code likh sakte hain.
console.log("Hello JavaScript!");

Enter press karte hi aapko output dikh jayega.

(B) HTML File ke Andar (Internal JS)

Aap JavaScript code ko <script> tag ka use karke direct HTML file me bhi likh sakte hain.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <title>JS Setup</title>
</head>
<body>
    <script>
        alert("Welcome to JavaScript!");
    </script>
</body>
</html>

2. JavaScript Node.js Environment me Kaise Chalayein?

Agar aap JavaScript ko backend (server-side) me run karna chahte hain, toh aapko Node.js install karna padega. Node.js ek JavaScript runtime hai jo aapko browser ke bahar JavaScript code chalane ki suvidha deta hai.

Step 1: Node.js Install Karna

  1. Node.js Website Visit Karein: nodejs.org par jaayein.
  2. LTS Version Download Karein: "LTS" (Long-Term Support) version download karein, kyunki yeh sabse stable hota hai.
  3. Installer Run Karein: Downloaded file ko open karein aur installation instructions ko follow karein.

Step 2: Installation Verify Karna

Install hone ke baad, terminal (Windows par Command Prompt ya PowerShell) open karein aur yeh command likhein:

node -v

Agar Node.js sahi se install ho gaya hai toh version number dikhega (e.g., v20.11.0). Iske saath npm (Node Package Manager) bhi install ho jaata hai. Usko check karne ke liye yeh command likhein:

npm -v

Step 3: Node.js me Code Run Karna

  1. Ek naya file banayein, jaise `app.js`.
  2. Usme kuch JavaScript code likhein: console.log("Hello from Node.js!");
  3. Terminal me uss directory me jaayein jahan file save ki hai.
  4. File ko run karne ke liye yeh command likhein:
node app.js

Aapko terminal me "Hello from Node.js!" output dikhega.

Key Takeaways

  • Frontend ke liye, JavaScript browser me chalti hai aur koi setup zaroori nahi.
  • Backend ke liye, Node.js install karna zaroori hai.
  • Browser Console code test karne ke liye ek great tool hai.
  • npm (Node Package Manager) Node.js ke saath aata hai aur libraries manage karne me help karta hai.
Bonus: Practical Application!
Ab in concepts ko practically observe karke dekhein.

Browser console me simple math operations (jaise 5 + 10) karke dekhein.

Practice in JS Editor
Test Your Knowledge!
Kya aap JavaScript Environment Setup ke baare mein seekh chuke hain? Chaliye dekhte hain!

Apni knowledge test karne ke liye is quick quiz ko dein.

Start Quiz