JavaScript Mein Math Object & Random Numbers Kya Hote Hai?

Mathematical calculations karna aur random values generate karna sikhein.

The Math Object

JavaScript mein Math ek built-in object hai jo mathematical operations perform karne ke liye use hota hai. Is object ko create karne ki zaroorat nahi hoti; aap iske methods aur properties ko direct Math.methodName() syntax se use kar sakte hain.

Important Math Methods

1. Rounding Methods

Method	Description
`Math.round(x)`	Number ko uske nearest integer me round karta hai (e.g., 4.6 becomes 5, 4.4 becomes 4).
`Math.ceil(x)`	Number ko hamesha upar (next highest integer) round karta hai (e.g., 4.1 becomes 5).
`Math.floor(x)`	Number ko hamesha neeche (previous lowest integer) round karta hai (e.g., 4.9 becomes 4).
`Math.trunc(x)`	Sirf integer part return karta hai, decimal part hata kar (e.g., 4.9 becomes 4).

console.log(Math.round(4.6));  // 5
console.log(Math.ceil(4.1));   // 5
console.log(Math.floor(4.9));  // 4

2. Power and Root Methods

Method	Description
`Math.pow(x, y)`	`x` ki power `y` (x^y) calculate karta hai.
`Math.sqrt(x)`	Number ka square root nikalta hai.
`Math.abs(x)`	Number ki absolute (positive) value return karta hai.

console.log(Math.pow(2, 3));   // 8 (2*2*2)
console.log(Math.sqrt(64));  // 8
console.log(Math.abs(-5.5)); // 5.5

3. Max and Min Methods

Method	Description
`Math.max(n1, n2, ...)`	Di gayi values me se sabse badi value return karta hai.
`Math.min(n1, n2, ...)`	Di gayi values me se sabse chhoti value return karta hai.

console.log(Math.max(0, 150, 30, 20, -8, -200)); // 150
console.log(Math.min(0, 150, 30, 20, -8, -200)); // -200

Random Numbers in JavaScript

JavaScript mein random number generate karne ke liye Math.random() method ka use hota hai. Yeh method 0 (inclusive) se 1 (exclusive) ke beech ek random floating-point number return karta hai.

console.log(Math.random()); // Example Output: 0.123456789...

How to Get a Random Integer

Aksar humein ek specific range ke beech random integer chahiye hota hai. Iske liye hum Math.random() ko Math.floor() ke saath combine karte hain.

Random Integer from 0 to 9:

Math.floor(Math.random() * 10);

Random Integer from 1 to 10:

Math.floor(Math.random() * 10) + 1;

Custom Range (min to max inclusive):

Ek reusable function banakar aap kisi bhi range me random integer generate kar sakte hain.

function getRandomInt(min, max) {
  min = Math.ceil(min);
  max = Math.floor(max);
  return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1)) + min;
}

console.log(getRandomInt(5, 15)); // Output: 5 se 15 ke beech koi bhi integer

Key Takeaways

Math ek static object hai, ise create karne ki zaroorat nahi hoti.
Math.round(), Math.ceil(), aur Math.floor() numbers ko round karne ke liye use hote hain.
Math.random() 0 aur 1 ke beech ek random decimal number deta hai.
Math.floor() aur Math.random() ko combine karke aap random integers generate kar sakte hain.

Bonus: Practical Application!

Ab in methods ko practically use karke dekhein.

Ek random number generate karein jo 1 se 6 ke beech ho, jaise ek dice roll.

Practice in JS Editor

Test Your Knowledge!

Kya aap JavaScript Math Object ke baare mein seekh chuke hain? Chaliye dekhte hain!

Apni knowledge test karne ke liye is quick quiz ko dein.

Start Quiz