JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) Kya Hota Hai?

JSON Ka Introduction

JSON ka full form hai JavaScript Object Notation. Yeh ek lightweight data-interchange format hai jo human-readable bhi hota hai aur machines ke liye aasaani se parse (samajhna) bhi kiya ja sakta hai. JSON ka mukhya use client (jaise browser) aur server ke beech data ko exchange karne ke liye hota hai.

JavaScript ke object syntax par based hone ke bawajood, JSON ek language-independent format hai, yaani ise kisi bhi programming language—jaise Python, Java, C#, ya PHP—ke saath use kiya ja sakta hai.

JSON Ki Syntax Kaisi Hoti Hai?

JSON ka format key-value pairs par based hota hai, bilkul JavaScript objects ki tarah, lekin kuch strict rules ke saath.

{
  "name": "Sandeep",
  "age": 25,
  "isStudent": false,
  "courses": ["HTML", "CSS", "JavaScript"],
  "address": null
}

JSON Ke Important Rules

• Data key-value pairs ke form mein hota hai.
• Keys hamesha double quotes (" ") mein likhi jaati hain.
• Values string, number, boolean, object, array, ya null ho sakti hain.
• Data comma (,) se separate hota hai.
• JSON objects curly braces { } mein likhe jaate hain.
• JSON arrays square brackets [ ] mein likhe jaate hain.

JSON Object vs JSON Array

JSON Ko Parse Aur Stringify Kaise Karte Hain?

JavaScript mein JSON ke saath kaam karne ke liye do main methods hote hain: JSON.parse() aur JSON.stringify().

JSON.parse()

JSON.parse() ka use kisi JSON string ko JavaScript object mein convert karne ke liye hota hai. Jab bhi hum server se data receive karte hain (jo usually string format mein hota hai), humein usse object mein convert karna padta hai.

JSON.stringify()

JSON.stringify() ka use kisi JavaScript object ko JSON string mein convert karne ke liye hota hai. Jab humein data ko server par bhejna hota hai, tab humein use string mein convert karna padta hai.

// 1. JSON string se JavaScript object banana
const jsonString = '{"name":"Rahul","age":28}';
const userObject = JSON.parse(jsonString);
console.log(userObject.name); // Output: Rahul

// 2. JavaScript object se JSON string banana
const car = { brand: "Tesla", model: "Model 3" };
const carJsonString = JSON.stringify(car);
console.log(carJsonString); // Output: '{"brand":"Tesla","model":"Model 3"}'

Key Takeaways

• JSON ek lightweight, text-based data format hai.
• Yeh language-independent hai but JavaScript object syntax par based hai.
• Keys hamesha double quotes me hoti hain.
• JSON.parse(): JSON string ko JavaScript object me convert karta hai.
• JSON.stringify(): JavaScript object ko JSON string me convert karta hai.
• Yeh modern web development me data exchange ke liye standard hai.